Hypoxia on Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Causes, Diagnosis, and Solutions
Cardiac surgery relies heavily on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to maintain circulation and oxygenation while the heart…
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Empty Venous Reservoir: A Critical Challenge in Cardiopulmonary Bypass
The occurrence of an empty venous reservoir during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a serious perfusion emergency…
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Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patients History of HITT: A Critical Approach
Patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis (HITT) pose a unique challenge when they…
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Managing Accidental Arterial Decannulation in Cardiac Surgery
Accidental arterial decannulation is a rare but critical event in cardiac surgery, posing significant risks to…
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ECMO Cannulation: Step-by-Step Guide for Multidisciplinary Teams 2025
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a vital intervention that provides temporary heart and lung support to…
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